Automatic sketching and surveying instrument



Jan'. 2, I1923. I

` 1,441,153. H. E. C. JEFFERSON.

AUTOMATIC SKETCHING AND SURVEYING INSTRUMENT. mio 1uLv21. |920.

s Snam-SHEET lr.

n. 1 A I. l

IIIIIH l H. E. C. JEFFERSON- AUTOMATIC SKETCHING AND SURVEYING INSTRUMENT. HLEDJULYZI. 1920.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2'- Jan. '2, 1923;

AUTOMATIC SKETCHING AND SURVEYING INSTRUMENT.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

@admin/,

Patented dan. 2, 21923.

n Ai

Hanan n. o. terrassen,

or entourer, MICHIGAN.

AUTGMATC SKETCHING AND SU'RVEYING INSTRUMENT.

` appunti@ inea anys?,

To @ZZ/whom t may. concer/n, y ,A

' Be it known that I, Henny E. C. JniiniiiisoN, a citizen ottheUnited States, residing` at Calumet, in the county of Houghton and State of lvlichigan, have invented nevv and useiful lmprovcnients in Automatic Sketching and Surveying .lnst-,runients,` ot which l .the following is a specification.

This invention relates to sketching and surveying` instruments,tlie broad object of the invention being to produce kan instru nient or machine which will greatly facilitate the Work of a survey or in laying or plotting out ground, the instrument being particularly valuable in plotting out irregular tracts and `especially those having` curvilinear houndary lines. The instrumentis also valuable 'l'or plotting,- out mines and the like as will hereinafter appear. 'y i By means oit the improved sketching` and ,f-.surveying instrument,y a sketch isautoinaticallyinade on a greatly reduced scale as "the assistant moves along the nietes and hounds andL boundary lines o' the plot 'oit ground or the slopes and declivities of a inine, while the surveyor stands immediately adjacent to the instruineircY and -properl7 sights the saine upon the point indicated by the assistant. The size of the sketchy may he varied as .regulated hy correspondingly changing the ratio between the reducing gears oi the instrument as will. hereinafter appear. i. j .Y

lith the ahove and other. objects in View, the invention consists in. the construction, combination and arrangement, of. parts, as herein described, illustrated and claimed.

y ln the acc. inpanying` drawings: Figure 1 is a sideelevation of the-iniproved instrument; y, f ,w3 Figure is a vertical loiigitudi-nal` section through the saine; y Fim-ire il is an endl elevation thereof.; giuro 4lis a vertical cross section through the machine taken in line with the vertical. airis of movement thereofEN lgure Il a plan view of u table supporting platform, showing the ,n oit the turn table thereto. i a vertical sectional viewof c is a V.tragnieiitary endk vieiv oit the tape b lumpy rollers.

Figure 8 is a iragnientary ing the. tensioning. means i'or the "esser roll.

ysection .showthe spring. of

ltable L*center pinor the elevated ies-zo. seiaiivo. 399,353'.

e Figure 9isa plany view ofthe talcle.l

, Figure 10 *isy l:a fragmentary jvertical y seck ,tionIAJ showing `the table supporting` and clamping device. f

v Efgu're 11 is a plan .view of the table supporting plate. y

. lieerring`I to the drawings, 1 .designates a tripod cap vor head of' ordinary construction, having; kextending` through a opening ytherein .a table supporting` post shown as comprising a lower section 2 hav :ing `a threadedl shank 3 which receives a thuinh nutL eandanupper section 5 having a hall and socket jointat 6 with the lower section 2. The upper section sh ape'd Flange ,which is :connected to a table supporting fplateor disk -8 4secured to the .bottoni of a. talole or leaf-at 9 hy fastening` ineens 10, theconnection hetiveentlie disc8 .and the tahle Qheing detachable, the tahle h v#for n i eneath which theflange 8 is slippeththe "warts 8. and heine' t'i-rnilv secured too'ether l m `.J i t;

y urlaniping pivotally connected tothenieinher 8 at 13 and'-liaviiro;v a knob central i 5 has a diskf that .purpose provided jwith. clips.l

.or handle 14. This, enahlesthe table 9 to be,

iletached `troni ythe table supporting-and clamping,` device yillustrated in detail'in Figiue.1(}. Y. v

. l ranged in.r superimposed `rela ion-to the table or leaf 1" turn,tahlegsupporting platform. 15v of skele-y ton fiormation as shown vin Figure 5, said plattorni iheing "of Lgenerally triangular shape in `plan and having,` supporting teet and 'spaced is an elevated f.

orj risers livliich embrace the table-1 and arehsecured 4thereto hy fastening 'means 17.

,.esting upon the platform 15 is a 'turn ta'hle`184 in the form of a multilated `disk and extending ydownivardly from saidy turn stud 19 Whichis journaled for turning movementyfin a heart'or'mod in the platform '15, Superiinposed ahove the turn table 18 which is ,gfaduated sor that` the degree .of turning movement thereof inayxloe indicated, is a n' .in 'feine designated generally at A, said o ng of skeleton forma-tion and; com- .3 auhase 21having a .central longitudinal slot or giiicle`-ivay 22' in Which is mounted longitudinally movable rack har 2% carrying' aresilient holderQft tor a stylus niovalgile alonggthesuriface, cfa sheet of pape/ifL or the .likepl'aced upon the talole-y 9, they stylus .25 losing` controlled hy the mecha.-

vthe wheel 3l and the roll or plan upon such sheet of paper. The base upon the shaft or spool 280i which isv wound a measuring tape Wire, strand or the like 29, the shaft of said reel being journaled, in bearings in oppositely disposed portions of theframe A as shown for eX- ample in IFigures l and 3, said shaft being provided 'on a projecting end thereof with an operating crank 30 enablingsaid reel to be `turned by hand for rewinding the measuring tape thereon. l

The tape 29 after leaving the reel 27 extends upwardly at an inclination as shown in Figure l and passes between a driving wheel 3l and a presser roll32. The driving wheel 3l has a resilient tread 33 such as rubber or other good friction material and the roll 32 may have a peripheral tread of corresponding material or said roll 32 may be composed wholly of friction material such asrubber or the like. Theobject of the resilient treads is to obtain the necessary frictional hold on the measuring tape 29 to insure the rotation of the wheel 3l as the tape is drawn from the reel 27 or as it is running thereon. After passing between 32, the ymeasuring tape passes between superimposed tape guide rollers -34 journaled in laterally spaced supporting arms 35 extending upwardly at an inclination from the members 36 of the frame A which support the shaft 37 ot' the driving 'wheel v3l.

The driving wheel 3l actuates the rack bar 23 and the stylus 25 by the following train of reducing' gears. The shaftl 37 of the driving wheel 3l has on a projecting end thereotl a pinion 38 which meshes with and drives a large gear 39 fast on a short transverse shaft 40 journaled in the frame A and havingat its inner end a pinion 4l which meshes with a large gear 42. the latter meshing with the rack bar 23. By changing the relative sizes of the reducing gears or by changing the size of the driving wheel' 3l, the ratio of movement between the periphery ot' the driving wheel 31 and the rack bar 423 may be changed. as tound desirable by the operator.

The arm `24 which carries the stylus 25, the latter being either in the form of a pen, pencil, or the like, is of spring maH terial and greater or less tension 'may be brought to bear on'- the stylus by means of a tensioning member 43 shown in the form of a screw passing through the projecting end ei the rack bar 23 and adjustable by means ofa knurled wheel 44 or the equivan lent thereof. Secured to oneside of the frame A is a graduated inclinometer segment 45 which in connection with a suitable pointer or guide 46 is used to indicate the inclination of the base 21 and the table l.

The arms 35 between which the presser roll 32 is journaled are connected pivotally at 47 to the frame members 36 and are carried by the free extremity of a spring arm 50. The tension of the arm 50 may be increased or diminished by means of a spring tensioning screw 5l passing through a guide 52 on the frame and yadjustalble by means of a milled [nut 53, thus any desired tension may be placed on the roll 32 to urge the same with the necessary pressure against the measuring tape 29 and the tread of the driving wheel 3l. lllhe upstandingside portions oi' the members 36 of the frame A are connected by a top cross bar 54 to which is connected by a hinge 55 a normally vertical sight 56 shown in the form of a rod or stem. Other upstanding portions 57 of the trame A are connected in lilre manner by a like cross bar 58 to which is connected by a hinge 59 another vertical sight 69 also shown in the form of an upstanding rod or stem. The front and rear vertical sights are thus provided to enable the table and base to a horizontal Each of the vertical of the frame to be adjusted position if required.

sights 56 and 60 is formed intermediate the ends thereof with a ring like or circularportion 6l across which extends a normally horizontal or leveling sight 62 in the forni of a wire or strand of any kind. ln addition to the sights just referred to, for the` purpose oi noting relative elevations, leveling bubble holders 63 and64 are provided to facilitate the work of 'the party adjusting the instrument either torlaying out plots on level ground surfaces or when the instrument is turned upon one side.

In connection with the turn table 18, I

employ guides 65 secured to the platform l5 and I also employ one or more combined clamps and guides 66 which are moved to clamping position againsty the upper sur face of the turntable 18 by clamping members 'or screws 67 having a threaded engage ment with the platform l5.

The table l has on the upper side thcreoij parallel rodslti arranged udjareut to the opposite longitudinal margins ot said table and having a tired lmtspaccd relation te the upper surface thereof entend perpendicular to the rods 63 but f slidably connected to the latter by runn s 70, enabling the rods 69 to he moved toward and away from each other. Pz: per hohling clamps'7l are mounted upon and :nm-able lengthwise of the rods 69 Vfor the rmrposc or", clamping sheets ot paper ojl different sizes against the upper surfaces of the table cach ofthe clamps 7l coinprising a clamping screw 72 or the equivalent thereof. The table has on the upper surface thereof desigplots for plotting mines j l l (l @ther rods nuting;` lines 73 andI 'T4' crossf j centrzilly oi' the table and en e' pendiculurly to each other, the table being pretorublyso positioned Witl'r respect to the points oit the compass tlnity the' line 73 Will extend from north to south es indicated by the letters N sind' S While the linev 74' will extend 'from enst' tov West 'nidicetedA by the letters E nndqlV. 'l he table may, ot course, be positioned according to the de# sire oit the surveyor,y zitter the desired station tor the instrument has been selected.

,Known stations' or points are usually plotted on the sketch sheet clamped on the upper surizice ot the table and l preterabiy use e sheet which is oriented', shifting the sheet while the' coordiinite lines passing through the station', as plotted, coincide both ways with the right angular orienti-ngl lines N, S, E end WV merked on the table. lilith the instrument properly ,set up', at the selected station, as with an ordinary transit, oriented peper is placed upon a. table and clempedin the manner set tort-h. The table is then oriented depending upon Where' the sketching is to be done, this being eccomplished byesteblishing e temporary point N, S, E or W zit the discretion ot the engineer. yThe' turn table then released so that it may turn freely. n The uosistent now gresps the endr or the tape or the ring zit the, end o'ithe tape; and pulls the measuring tope out to the point Where the sketching is to be started, he then 'follows the desired course to be sketched, holding' the tape extremity tree so that it muy be seen by the man et the instrument. lf greater eceurecy is required e plumb bob may be used by the assistent, the height of the 'free' end et the tape being determined by the leveling` sights ot the instrument. lt sketching is to be donel on4 2L long slope, the

trible oft the instrument is pitched orinclined so es to lie in e' plane pureyllel to the slope, the vertical :ingle being noted.

Y rl he man at the instrument stands beck ot the lutter with his right hund on the reel op# ereting; crank handle zuid his le't bend on the rear en'd ot the bese 2l. He swings the instrument With Yhis lett hand, With the :iid ot the vertical sights, keeping. them' sighted on the treo end of the iiieelsuri'i'ig tape held by the ussi taint. ll'lh'erever the assistant goes` the man ut the instrument keeps the sights upon hini. 'When the assiste-nt has covered the course, the sketching is finished, the instrument having eutometiceily covered and marked or truer-2d out the seine course und plotted it on e greatly reduced scale. rEher@ is :i great advantage in not havingI to Write doi'vn any notes nt the time thereby incurring; the chances o't mekiiri;v personal E'VO'TS.

vFor leyingwoutcurVesUreguler or irregular, end the like, the" improved instru ment hereinabove described will be found' of great assistance, the operation simply being` th'e reverse of the automat-ic sketching here-` inabove described. For exemple, the en gineer may ley out on the sketching sheet un'y desiredcurve or outline, then go' into the field' and ley it out es sketched, Without any computing Whatever, but by simply reversing` the s'lr'etching` operation' hereinabove described. y

For plotting end sketching mines, tonnage, eind the like, the ii'istrument hereinabove described i'vill be found of' greet velue, producing,- practical ineens 'for obtaining an accurate outlinek ot s mine stops end date tor determining tonnage mined or to be mined. rlhis instrument will give more accurate resultsthen e transit as it reproduces every point along the back or breast of stope, While with' e transit, only the most prominenty changes will be noted. rlhe instrument is' used in the mine just as on the surface of the ground. The teble is pitched or tilted so' that it is in e plane parallel to the foot, the assistent holds e. light et the tree endr of the measuring tape to enable the man et the instrument to easily follow his movements. The' sketching sheet having been oriented with the stope base line, the use ot e protrzictor is unnecessary in plotting the stope, as distances ure readily teken trom the sketch. The stope sketching being' continuous, month utter' month, elioyvingY on the respective sketch, which should be dated, phtninieter is used 'for determining the uren ol? the stope n'rined eitch month. The eyer- Width oit vein haring been determined endfthevaree lnfioivn, the tonne-ge may be quickly computed. rEhe storage Width and dete are shown and noted when the sketch is mede und' the eren and tonnage are completed et the oiiice, subsequently'. By exercising' :i little tl'1ought,the instrument may be used in a great many ivays end to eccomplish various results.

l.. ln a sketcl'iing` und surveyinn- .instruinent, theV combination oit support, n. table having e universel mounting` upon smid support, means Ylor clemi'iing seid table in fined relation to seid support, :i normally horizontal turn table e-dzipted to turn on zi nori'nsilly'rerticerl exis; ai treme superimposed there seid teble and comprising normally horizontal bese :i stylus carrying member slide-ble in` relation to seid bese und n'ioveliile' over the sur'trice oit seid table, e reel.. u mees tiring tape Wound on seid reel, ofuidinu ineens .tor sziid tope, und stylus 'ueting; meuns including a? driving Wheel geared to seid stylus driving mei-ins. und actuated by seid measuring tape'.

2L ln e sketching; and surveying; instrument,- the combination of a suppint,r e tble hvi'n'g, e universel mounting'upon seid support, means :or clamping said table in fixed relation to said support, a normally horizontal turn. table adapted to turn on a normally vertical axis, a trame superimposed above said table and comprising a normally horizont-al base. a stylus carrying member slidable in relation to said base and movable over the surface ot' said table, a reel, a measuring tape Wound on said reel, guiding means for said tape, and stylus actuating means including` a driving Wheel geared to said stylus driving means and actuated by said measuring tape, in both the reeling and unreeling movements of the latter.

8. ln a slretching and surveyinginstrurent, the combination ot a supi'iort, a table having a universal mounting upon said support, means for clamping said table iniixed relation. to said support, a normally horizontal turn table adapted to kturn on a normally vertical axis, a trame superimposed above said table and comprising'v normally horizontal base, a stylus carrying member slidable in relation to said base and movable over the surface of said table`v a reel, a measuring tape Wound on said reel, guiding means for said tape, stylus actuating means including' a driving Wheel geared to said stylus driving` means and actuated by said measuring tape, and hinged vertical sights connected with said traine and arranged in spaced relation with each other.

fl. ln a sketching and surveying instru-- nient7 the combination oi a support, a table e having a universal mounting upon said support, means for clamping said table in lixed relation to said support, normally horizontal turn table spaced above the lirst mentioned table and adapted to turn on a nornally vertical axis, a frame superimposed above said turntable and comprising a normally horizontal base, a stylus carrying member between the tables and slidable in relation to said base, and movable over the surface oit the iii-st mentioned table. a reel,v

a measuring tape Wound on said reehgniding means for said tape and sty/*lus actuating means including` a driving wheel geared to said stylus driving` means and actuated by said measuring tape.

in a. sketching and surveying instrument, the combination 'ot a support, a table having a universal mounting upon said supportn means for clamping said table in xed relation to said support. normally hori- 'fiontal turn table adapted to ti n on a norviually vertial axis, a :Frame superimposed above said table and comprising a normally horizontal base, a stylus carrying member slidable in relation. to said base ano movable over the surface of said table, a reel, a measuring tape Wound on said reel, guiding means for said tape, stylus actuating means including a driving Wheel geared to said stylus driving means and actuated by said measuring tape, and vertical sights connected with said trame and arranged in spaced relation with eac-h other, said sights being hinged and foldable.

6. In a sketching and surveying instrunient, the combination of a support, a table having a universal mounting upon said support, means for clamping said table in fixed relation to said support, a normally horizontal turn table adapted to turn on a normally vertical axis, a frame superimposed above said table and comprising a normally horizontal base, a stylus carrying member slidable in relation to said base and movable over the surface ot said table, a reel, a measuring tape Wound on said reel, guiding means for said tape, and stylus actuating means including a driving' Wheel geared to said stylus driving means and actuated by said measuring tape, the gearing between said driving Wheel and stylus actuating member being of the reduction type.

7. ln a sketching and surveying instrument, the combination of a support, a table having a universal mounting upon said support, means for clamping said table in fixed relation to said support, a normally horizontal turn table adapted to turn on a normally vertical axis, a frame superimposed above said table and comprising a normally horizontal base` a stylus carrying member slidable in relation to said base and movable over the surface of said table, a reel, a measuring tape Wound on said reel, guiding means for said tape, stylus actuating means including` a driving Wheel geared to said stylus driving means and actuatedby said measuring tape, a presser Wheel for holding said measuring tape against the periphery oi the driving Wheel, means for varying the pressure of said presser Wheel in relation to the driving Wheel. movable means by which said presser roll is carried` and tape guiding rollers carried by said movable means.

8. ln a. sketching and surveying instrument, the combination of aftable adapted to support a sketching sheet, a turn table mounted in elevated and spaced relation to said table, a stylus, a stylus carrying member slidable in relation to said turn table, a -frame supported by said turn table, a measuring tape, areel upon which said tape is ivouncb reel actuating means` a tape actuated driving Wheel, gearing between said vdriving Wheel and said stylus carryingmember, spaced parallel guide bars carried by the sheet supporting table, right angularly disposed adjustable guide bars carried by the first mentioned bars and clamping devices adjustably mounted upon the ad- `iustal'ile guide bars.

In testimony whereof l aliix my signature.

HARRY E.k C. JEFFERSON. 

